Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV–1) and human T-cell leukemia virus (HIV-1/HTLV) co-infection is a serious health problem worldwide, especially in endemic areas and vulnerable subjects like intravenous drug abusers. This is due to the fact that CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells are the primary targets of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, respectively. The influence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 on CD4+ count can shortened or prolong progression to AIDS and the development of more clinical complications. Opportunistic infections may differ between HIV-1/HTLV-1 and HIV-1/HTLV-2 co-infection subjects. Several epidemiologic studies have discussed molecular bases of HIV-1/HTLV co-infection, including cytokine and chemokine mediated pathways; however, they have yielded discrepant results.
Saberi,M and Tavanaii sani,A . (2017). HIV-1/HTLV Co-Infection: a Survey of Molecular Basis with Clinical Studies. Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement, 5(1), 497-501. doi: 10.22038/psj.2017.9739.1093
MLA
Saberi,M , and Tavanaii sani,A . "HIV-1/HTLV Co-Infection: a Survey of Molecular Basis with Clinical Studies", Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement, 5, 1, 2017, 497-501. doi: 10.22038/psj.2017.9739.1093
HARVARD
Saberi M, Tavanaii sani A. (2017). 'HIV-1/HTLV Co-Infection: a Survey of Molecular Basis with Clinical Studies', Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement, 5(1), pp. 497-501. doi: 10.22038/psj.2017.9739.1093
CHICAGO
M Saberi and A Tavanaii sani, "HIV-1/HTLV Co-Infection: a Survey of Molecular Basis with Clinical Studies," Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement, 5 1 (2017): 497-501, doi: 10.22038/psj.2017.9739.1093
VANCOUVER
Saberi M, Tavanaii sani A. HIV-1/HTLV Co-Infection: a Survey of Molecular Basis with Clinical Studies. Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement. 2017;5(1):497-501. doi: 10.22038/psj.2017.9739.1093
