Investigation of the Causes of Prematurity and Neonatal Death Admitted to Hospitals in Ardabil City

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

2 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

3 School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

10.22038/psj.2025.84878.1452

Abstract

Introduction:
Premature delivery is the delivery of a baby before the completion of 37 weeks of pregnancy. Premature birth is the main cause of infant mortality. Several risk factors and causes for preterm delivery and its mortality have been stated. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of prematurity and death of neonates hospitalized in Ardabil city hospitals.
Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 500 premature births which selected randomly were evaluated between September 2022 and September 2023. The required information, including the demographic characteristics of the baby and parents, birth weight, cause of preterm delivery and related factors, and the cause of infant death, were collected by examining the patient files in the hospital archive.
Results:
273 babies (55.6%) were boys. Preeclampsia and high blood pressure (21.8%), followed by gestational diabetes (10.6%) and overt diabetes (6.2%) were the most common underlying diseases in mothers. The difference in the final outcome of death or life in babies born with different indications and etiologies of preterm delivery was significant.
Conclusion:
Pulmonary-respiratory causes were the most common causes involved in the death of preterm infants studied. The etiology of preterm delivery was significantly related to the outcome of mortality in the studied preterm infants and its causes.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Karnati S, Kollikonda S, Abu-Shaweesh J. Late preterm infants–Changing trends and continuing challenges. Int J Pediatr Adolescent Med. 2020; 7(1):38-46.
  2. Ohuma EO, Moller A-B, Bradley E, Chakwera S, Hussain-Alkhateeb L, Lewin A, et al. National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. The Lancet. 2023;402(10409):1261-71.
  3. Sharifi N, Khazaeian S, Pakzad R, Chehreh H. Investigating the prevalence of preterm birth in Iranian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JCS. 2017;6(4):37-41.
  4. Horgan MJ. Management of the late preterm infant: not quite ready for prime time. Pediatr Clin. 2015;62(2):439-51.
  5. Green ES, Arck PC. Pathogenesis of preterm birth: bidirectional inflammation in mother and fetus. Semin Immunopathol. 2020;42(4):413-29.
  6. Lorenzo M, Laupacis M, Hopman WM, Ahmad I, Khurshid F. Morbidity in late preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study assessing the role of immaturity versus antecedent factors. Neonatology. 2021;118(3):317-24.
  7. Wang ML, Dorer DJ, Fleming MP, Catlin EA. Clinical outcomes of near-term infants. Pediatr. 2004; 114(2):372-6.
  8. Kair LR, Goyal NK. Hospital Readmission Among Late Preterm Infants: New Insights and Remaining Questions. Hosp Pediatr. 2022; 12(7): 273-4.
  9. Speight N, Franklin A. Does myalgic encephalomyelitis exist. Lancet. 2001; 357 (9271): 19-22.
  10. Knippenberg R, Lawn JE, Darmstadt GL, Begkoyian G, Fogstad H, Walelign N, et al. Systematic scaling up of neonatal care in countries. Lancet. 2005;365(9464):1087-98.
  11. Sabzehei MK, Basiri B, Esna-Ashari F, Hosseini F. Assessment the Preterm Birth Risk Factors in Fatemieh Hospital of Hamadan, Iran; 2017-2018. Int J Ped. 2019;7(12):65-71.
  12. Amani F, Barak M, Aminisani N, Dehghan MH. Neonatal mortality and its related factors in hospitals of Ardabil, 2002-2003. J Ardabil Univ Med Sci. 2005;5(4):305-10.
  13. Mekic N, Selimovic A, Cosickic A, Mehmedovic M, Hadzic D, Zulic E, et al. Predictors of adverse short-term outcomes in late preterm infants. BMC Pediatr. 2023;23(1):298-300.
  14. Tan J, Poon WB, Lian WB, Ho S. A comparison of the short-term morbidity and mortality between late preterm and term newborns. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2014; 43(7):346-54.
  15. Peelen MJ, Kazemier BM, Ravelli AC, de Groot CJ, van der Post JA, Mol BW, et al. Ethnic differences in the impact of male fetal gender on the risk of spontaneous preterm birth. J Perinatol. 2021; 41(9):2165-72.
  16. Ebadi A, Khalili Savadkouhi S, Molazadeh N, Gordani N, Farhadi R, Moradi S, et al. Prevalence and Causes of Mortality in Preterm Infants in Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital, 2019. JMUMS. 2021; 31(197):183-9.
  17. Gebremedhin M, Ambaw F, Admassu E, Berhane H. Maternal associated factors of low birth weight: a hospital based cross-sectional mixed study in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. BMC cancer. 2015; 15(1):1-8.
  18. Jalali R, Mohammadi M, Vaisi-Raygani A, Ghobadi A, Salari N. Prevalence of unwanted pregnancy in Iranian women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Health. 2019; 16(1):1-8.
  19. Dolatian M, Sharifi N, Mahmoodi Z. Relationship of socioeconomic status, psychosocial factors, and food insecurity with preterm labor: a longitudinal study. International journal of reproductive biomedicine. 2018; 16(9):563.
  20. Ghelichkhani S, Masoumi SZ, Shirzadeh AA, Khazaei S, Shahbazi F. Evaluation of maternal risk factors for preterm delivery in Fatemieh Hospital of Hamadan, Iran, 2019: a case-control study. J Family Med Prim Care. 2021;10(10):32-8.
  21. Hidalgo-Lopezosa P, Jiménez-Ruz A, Carmona-Torres J, Hidalgo-Maestre M, Rodríguez-Borrego M, López-Soto P. Sociodemographic factors associated with preterm birth and low birth weight: A cross-sectional study. Women and Birth. 2019; 32(6): 538-43.
  22. Abdo RA, Halil HM, Muhammed MA, Karebo MS. Magnitude of preterm birth and its associated factors: a cross-sectional study at butajira hospital, southern Nations, Nationalities, and people’s region, Ethiopia. Int J Pediatr. 2020; 2020:35-41.
  23. Umeigbo BC, Modebe IA, Iloghalu IC, Eleje GU, Okoro CC, Umeononihu OS, et al. Outcomes of preterm labor and preterm births: a retrospective cross-sectional analytical study in a Nigerian single center population. O&G Res. 2020; 3(1):17-28.
  24. Kramer MS, Goulet L, Lydon J, Séguin L, McNamara H, Dassa C, et al. Socio‐economic disparities in preterm birth: causal pathways and mechanisms. PPE. 2001; 15:104-23.
  25. Sharifi N, Dolatian M, Kazemi AFN, Pakzad R. The relationship between the social determinants of health and preterm birth in Iran based on the who model: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Womens Health Reprod Sci. 2018; 6(2):10-9.
  26. Hidayat ZZ, Ajiz EA, Krisnadi SR. Risk factors associated with preterm birth at hasan sadikin general hospital in 2015. OJOG. 2016;6(13):798-804.
  27. Guinsburg R, Sanudo A, Kiffer CRV, Marinonio ASS, Costa-Nobre DT, Areco KN, et al. Annual trend of neonatal mortality and its underlying causes: population-based study–São Paulo State, Brazil, 2004–2013. BMC Pediatr. 2021; 21(1):1-9.
  28. Babaei H, Dehghan M, Pirkashani LM. Study of causes of neonatal mortality and its related factors in the neonatal intensive care unit of Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah, Iran during (2014-2016). Int J Pediatr. 2018;6(5):7641-9.
  29. Sareshtedari M, Shahamat H, Sadeghi T. Causes and related factors of neonatal mortality in Qazvin NICU, 2010. Hakim Res J. 2012; 14(4):227-32.
  30. Schindler T, Koller-Smith L, Lui K, Bajuk B, Bolisetty S, Wales NS, et al. Causes of death in very preterm infants cared for in neonatal intensive care units: a population-based retrospective cohort study. BMC pediatr. 2017; 17:1-9.
  31. Berrington JE, Hearn RI, Bythell M, Wright C, Embleton ND. Deaths in preterm infants: changing pathology over 2 decades. J Pediatr. 2012; 160(1):49-53.
  32. Chen X, Zhang X, Li W, Li W, Wang Y, Zhang S, et al. Iatrogenic vs. spontaneous preterm birth: a retrospective study of neonatal outcome among very preterm infants. Front Neurol 2021;12:64-74.

 

Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Volume 13, Issue 1
January 2025
Pages 33-42

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics