Correlation between Serum Lead Level and Coronary Slow flow Phenomenon
Ali
Eshraghi
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Sajjad
Imen
Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad
Vojdanparast
Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Ramin
Khameneh Bagheri
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Majid
Jalalyazdi
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
Introduction: There are some reports suggesting a link between lead exposure and cardiovascular disease but understanding the contribution of lead to specific cardiovascular diseases has remained incompletely. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, serum lead level in 30 patients with diagnosed coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) documented by coronary angiography was evaluated and compared with the values of the control group containing 30 patients with normal coronary angiography. Results: Age, sex, major clinical risk factors for coronary artery disease, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters were similar in patients with and without CSFP (p > 0.05). Significant differences were found between the 2 study groups regarding serum lead level. Conclusion: Lead is a highly poisonous metal (whether inhaled or swallowed), affecting almost every organ and system in the body. Long-term exposure to lead can cause nephropathy and rise in blood pressure. We found it may also contribute to ischemic heart disease and CSFP. The suspected mechanism is oxidative stress and inflammation.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
471
474
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8155_970ce9cdf4c80e580d8c7a8ac7349eb6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.19858.1144
The Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Physicians and Nurses toward Adverse Event Reporting System in Primary Health Care Setting
Mohammad
Alboliteeh
Vice Dean for Graduate Studies and Research, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
Ibrahim Mohammed
Almughim
Quality Coordinator, National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2017
eng
Introduction: To determine the influence of physicians and nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) on Occurrence, Variance and Accident or OVA Reporting System usage in order to improve and to contribute to patient safety. Materials and Methods: The study utilized a quantitative research methodology specifically descriptive design. The samples of this study were primary health care physicians and nurses working at NGHA, Saudi Arabia. A hard copy of the survey was distributed to two Primary Care Centers which are Yarmook and Khashim ala’an. Results:Most of the physicians and nurses had a good knowledge of OVA utilization (89.5%), although nurses were more likely than physicians to have good knowledge (94% vs. 53.6%) and to have a better practice level of the OVA system (82.1% vs. 52.4%). In another point, physicians were more likely to have negative attitude toward the OVA system than nurses (71.4% vs.42.9%). A significant difference emerged between physicians’ and nurses’ KAP toward the OVA reporting system and nationality, language, and working site as revealed by the results. Conclusion:This was the first survey to assess nurses’ and physicians’ KAP toward the use of the OVA reporting system among primary health care level in Saudi Arabia. Apparently, 6% of the participants were not aware of the existing OVA reporting system. The findings of the survey demonstrated that nurses had better knowledge and practice and a less negative attitude to the system.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
475
481
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8156_7fb6bc28da1186a7e8e6e4d85e0c1b9b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.19980.1145
The Effect of Mint Extract on the Incidence and Severity of Nausea and Vomiting after Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Javad
Sahhinfar
Department of Anesthesiology , School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
author
Hossein
Zeraati
Department of Anesthesiology , School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
author
Shiva
Imani Hesary
Department of Anesthesiology , School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
author
Mahnaz
Masrorniya
Department of Health , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
author
Saeid
Shojaei
School of Nursing and Midwifery, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are one of the most common complications of cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Recently, the use of drugs has decreased and non-pharmaceutical and traditional alternative medicine are often preferred. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mint extract on the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting after cesarean section under spinal anesthesia with placebo. Materials and Methods: This double-blind, randomized, clinical trial was performed 92 pregnant women who underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. They were randomly divided into two groups of control and intervention. The intervention group received 25 drops of mint extract mixed in 30 cc of water and the control group only received 30 cc of water 1 h before the surgery. The incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting during the surgery, as well as two and four h after the surgery was assessed by a self-report questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using statistical tests in SPSS. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of maternal age, fasting and surgery duration, as well as other confounding factors (P>0.05). According to independent t-test, there was a significant relationship between the two groups in terms of the incidence and mean severity of nausea (26.1% and 52.2% for the intervention and control groups, respectively; P<0,001) and vomiting (28.9% and 52.2% in the intervention and control groups, respectively; P<0.001) during cesarean section. However, no statistically significant association was found between the two groups regarding the incidence and mean severity of nausea and vomiting 2 and 4 h after surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that mint extract can be used to prevent nausea and vomiting during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
482
487
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8157_d6100aa38c5e33c917de1c5dacf0f190.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.18999.1142
Development of a Pre-admission Screening Checklist to Minimize Acute Discharges from an Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Kirill
Alekseyev
Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center
author
Zachary
Fallon
Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center
author
Adrian
Cristian
Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center Program Director
author
Marc
Ross
Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center Chairman
author
text
article
2017
eng
Introduction: The aim of this study is twofold. Firstly, it attempts to examine the causes of the patient discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) to an acute care hospital. Secondly, it is intended to develop a Pre-admission Screening Checklist (PSC) and examine its utility in minimizing the acute discharges to improve the care quality. Materials & Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed, examining the data from the patients’ medical charts admitted to an inner-city IRF over a 6-month period. A PSC was developed and implemented as a part of admission record review prior to deciding on the patient admission to the IRF. The PSC included information relevant to the patient’s medical condition, rehabilitation potential, and the risk of acute discharge, which was completed over a 4-month period. Results: According to the results, the rate of acute discharge in the IRF patients was 15.7% in the 6-month period prior to the implementation of the PSC, which included 549 referrals and 86 patients. Additionally, the PSC was applied for 324 referrals over the subsequent 4-month period. Out of the patients that were reviewed using the PSC, 37 cases were acutely discharged from the IRF during their rehabilitation (11.4%). The most common reasons for acute discharge were heart diseases, sepsis, and change in neurological status. Conclusion: As the findings indicated, the PSC is a useful instrument that can improve the care quality by identifying the patients at the risk of acute discharge before admission to the IRF. The PSC can be a useful adjunct to the efforts made to prevent acute discharges from the IRF by creating a standardized assessment that optimizes the care.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
488
492
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8158_de08b344a3ecbe440240d63f8fe46505.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.13903.1118
The Relationship between Preeclampsia and Quadruple Screening Test in Nuliparous
Farnaz
Zand Vakili
Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Masomeh
Rezaie
Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Sirous
Shahsavari
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Roonak
Niazi
Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
Introduction: Early diagnosis and prediction of preeclampsia needs appropriate obstetric care. Preeclampsia predicting methods are important. This study was designed to determine the correlation between preeclampsia and quadruple screening test in the nulliparous. Materials and Methods: This case - control study was conducted on 54 pregnant women with preeclampsia (case group) and 108 healthy pregnant women (control group) who referred to health centers in Sanandaj, Iran. Ultrasonography was performed to determine the gestational age by a radiologist. Maternal serum levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), unconjugated estriol (uE3), and inhibin-A were measured in the second trimester of pregnancy. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and Chi-square test, T-test, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. Results: The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of preeclampsia in pregnant women for hCG were 35.2% and 79.6 respectively. These findings for estriol were 20.4% and 88.9%, for inhibin-A were 38.8% and 88% and for alpha fetoprotein were 38.8% and 74.1%. The positive predictive value for hCG, estriol, inhibin-A and alpha fetoprotein were 46.3%, 47.8%, 61.8% and 42.9% respectively. The negative predictive value for hCG, estriol, inhibin-A and alpha fetoprotein were also 71%, 69.1%, 74.2% and 70.8% respectively. Conclusion: There was a relationship between preeclampsia and high levels of inhibin-A and hCG. Further studies on these markers and evaluating their usefulness in the diagnosis and management of preeclampsia are recommended.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
493
496
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8159_f587f3619ccba838ad26f5d1575189e0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.16550.1135
HIV-1/HTLV Co-Infection: a Survey of Molecular Basis with Clinical Studies
Marzieh
Saberi
Department of Infectious Disease, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Ashraf
Tavanaii sani
Department of Infectious Disease, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
eng
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV–1) and human T-cell leukemia virus (HIV-1/HTLV) co-infection is a serious health problem worldwide, especially in endemic areas and vulnerable subjects like intravenous drug abusers. This is due to the fact that CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells are the primary targets of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, respectively. The influence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 on CD4+ count can shortened or prolong progression to AIDS and the development of more clinical complications. Opportunistic infections may differ between HIV-1/HTLV-1 and HIV-1/HTLV-2 co-infection subjects. Several epidemiologic studies have discussed molecular bases of HIV-1/HTLV co-infection, including cytokine and chemokine mediated pathways; however, they have yielded discrepant results.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
497
501
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8161_c90dee389030ac18073bef0d06d5ed24.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.9739.1093
Omega-3, Metabolic Syndrome, and Schizophrenia: A review
Seyedeh Narjes
Roudbaraki
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Fatemeh
Behdani
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Paria
Hebrani
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Majid
Ghayour-Mobarhan
Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Sadegh
Vahabi Amlashi
Dermatology Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
According to the literature, schizophrenia is associated with the components of metabolic syndrome. This mental disorder has such manifestations as visceral obesity, impaired lipid metabolism, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The prevalence rate of schizophrenia varies in different countries. There is a body of evidence about the higher incidence of cardiovascular events in the schizophrenic patients with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the prevention or treatment of this condition in sthese patients is a matter of fundamental importance. Fish oils, commonly used by people, contain omega-3 fatty acid. Omega-3 has been demonstrated to be effective in the patients with metabolic syndrome.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
502
504
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8163_0cf1974e0daa0d4dfaa35353bbde1b45.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.8163
Investigation of the effect of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution and Tranexamic Acid on the amount of bleeding during off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a systematic review
Reza
Jalaeian Taghadoomi
Department of Anesthesia, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Hengameh
Rezaei Boroujerdi
Department of Anesthesia, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
text
article
2017
eng
Introduction: Postoperative bleeding and transfusion remain a source of morbidity and cost after open heart operations . To evaluate the effect of ANH method and tranexamic acid on blood transfusion requirements and blood loss after off pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB). Materials and Methods: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE from inception to December 2014; reference lists of published guidelines, reviews, and associated articles, as well as conference proceedings.We included articles with available abstract in English language. Manual searching was done within the reference list of articles. Three reviewers independently reviewed and assessed eligibility criteria, assessed quality, and extracted data. Results: Bleeding and hemorrhagic complications and the consequent need for allogeneic transfusion are still major problems after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery that can reduced in combination of ANH method and tranexamic acid. Conclusion: Tranexamic acid and ANH appear to be effective in reducing postoperative bleeding and the need for allogeneic blood products.
Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2345-4482
5
v.
1
no.
2017
505
508
https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_8162_86635d5b5e75e53512723e3d8975c99b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/psj.2017.8806.1080