@article { author = {Saadati, Mohammad and Nouri, Mehdi and McSherry, Robert}, title = {Patient Safety Leadership Walkrounds: Promoting a Safety Culture in Developing Countries}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {426-426}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7645}, abstract = {}, keywords = {Patient Safety Culture,Patient safety leadership walkround,Health care quality}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7645.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7645_4a905eaecd28723c97fb06b1ab0507e4.pdf} } @article { author = {Davidson, Opal Malone and Salisbury, Helen and Curtis, Denice}, title = {A Comparative Descriptive Analysis of the Strategies used by Health-care Professionals at a Rural Hospital in Jamaica to Promote Patient Safety}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {427-433}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7638}, abstract = {Introduction: This study aimed to compare the principal strategies used by the healthcare providers at a rural hospital in Jamaica (JA) with the data published in the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture report in the United States (2014) regarding the promotion of patient safety. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during two months via the non-probability sampling method. Data of 240 healthcare providers were collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). Comparative data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 21, Excel TM software, and the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture report (United States, 2014). Results: Response rate of the survey was 25%. Composite scores of the Excel TM software determined the most prominent strategies of patient safety promotion in hospitals, as follows: “supervisor/manager expectations and actions to promote patient safety” (JA: 78%, US: 76%), “teamwork within units” (JA: 77%, US: 81%), and “organizational learning/continuous improvement” (JA: 72%, US: 73%). However, dimensions of “staffing” (JA: 47%, US: 55%) and “non-punitive response to error” (JA: 37%, US: 44%) required improvement in both countries. Positive perception of the patient safety culture was higher in the United States (66%) compared to Jamaica (59%). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, further improvement is required in the aspects of open communication to report medical errors, supervisory/healthcare management, and collaboration of all stakeholders to enhance the quality of care delivery and patient safety across the world.}, keywords = {Patient Safety Culture,Medical errors,Hospital survey on patient safety culture instrument,Healthcare delivery}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7638.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7638_f792fc5b408cd6acd3f0068555980582.pdf} } @article { author = {Shahinfar, Javad and Zeraati, Hossein and Masrorniya, Mahnaz and Shojaei, Saeid}, title = {Comparison of valerian extract and diazepam on anxiety before orthopedic surgery}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {434-440}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7639}, abstract = {Introduction: anxiety has a negative effect on healing and tissue repair and spending too much mental and physical energy during prolonged stress can cause hospitalization and delay in discharge of patients. One method of reducing anxiety is the use of medicinal plants that in this study the effects of valerian root on the anxiety was examined. The aim of this study was to Comparison of valerian extract and diazepam on anxiety before orthopedic surgeryMaterials and Methods: In this double blind clinical trial study, 60 patients 15-60 years old referred to Imam Ali (AS) hospital of Bojnoord were selected as available and were also randomly divided into two groups of 30 individuals. At 21 pm before surgery, group 1 received 10 drops of valerian edible oil and group 2 received diazepam (5 mg) mixed in 50 ml of tap water. The Spielberger questionnaire was used to assess anxiety before intervention and one hour before initiation of surgery was recorded. Data was analyzed using statistical tests . The level of significance was measured 0/05 in this study.Results: In this study, in the valerian group there were 83.8% male and 16.7%% female while diazepam group included 23.3% male and 76.7 females. The Difference score of overt and covert anxiety in valerian group was 10.1±1.0 and 12.4±1.3 and in the diazepam group was 9.3±1.1 and 10.7±.03. Comparison of two groups showed no significant difference .Conclusion: Valerian has a good anti-anxiety and can be a substitute for chemical medicines after enough studies}, keywords = {valerian,Diazepam,Anxiety}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7639.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7639_308e229c3b9a6eaa858e6b3a5171bda0.pdf} } @article { author = {Gozlu, Kenan and Kaya, Sıdıka}, title = {Patient Safety Culture as Perceived by Nurses in a Joint Commission International Accredited Hospital in Turkey and its Comparison with Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Data}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {441-449}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7640}, abstract = {Introduction: The first step to provide patient safety and reduce medical errors is to evaluate patient safety culture. This study aimed to evaluate patient safety culture as perceived by nurses in a Joint Commission International (JCI) accredited hospital in Turkey and compare it with Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) data. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 nurses working in the clinics of a private hospital with JCI accreditation certificate in Ankara, Turkey. For the purpose of data collection, ‘‘Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture’’ was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. The rates of positive responses were calculated and compared with AHRQ data. The mean of 12 dimensions of the survey were calculated and compared with independent variables, using t-test and Kruskal Wallis test. Results: According to the results, ‘‘teamwork within units’’ and ‘‘staffing’’ were found to be the dimensions with the highest and lowest positive response rates, respectively. Furthermore, 78% of the nurses graded patient safety as excellent or very good and 53% of them did not report any events within the last 12 months. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that ‘‘staffing’’, ‘‘non-punitive response to errors’’, ‘‘supervisor/manager expectations & actions promoting patient safety’’, ‘‘communication openness’’, and ‘‘teamwork across units’’ are the areas that need to be improved in terms of patient safety culture. Health services can be provided in a safer way in the future by conducting further studies on patient safety culture and sharing knowledge between countries.}, keywords = {Patient Safety Culture,nurse,Accreditation,Hospital}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7640.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7640_9f9dd2489fbe1d50566a94452298fccc.pdf} } @article { author = {Pezeshki Rad, Masoud and Salehi, Maryam and Ravari, Hasan and Kazemi, Reihaneh and Darzi, Mehdi}, title = {Evaluation of Frequency and Properties of CT Angiographic Findings and their Influence on Management in Patients Suspicious to Traumatic Arterial Injuries Referred to CT Scan Department of Imamreza Hospital}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {450-454}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7641}, abstract = {Introduction:Peripheralvascular injuriesinclude about 80% of allvascular injuries andthe studiesperformed so farin this areashowedthat the prevalence ofvasculartrauma is higher in menthanwomen.The aim ofthis study was to evaluate the frequencyandtypesof traumatic arterial injuries in patientsreferred toComputed Tomography (CT)department of Imam Reza Hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was approved by the ethics committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Patients’ information were recorded in a checklist, all patients who were referred to CT scan department of Imam Reza Hospitalfor Computed Tomography angiography (CTA) because of traumatic vascular injuries were enrolled the study. Data were recorded aboutpatients’ demographic characteristics (age and sex), mechanism of traumasuch ad accident (motorcyclist, pedestrian, car-rider), assaults, falls and so on, clinical symptoms at admission, type of arterial injury, and the report of CTA and the existence ofmusculoskeletal or neurologic comorbities. Patients’ management details were also evaluated. Data were coded and analyzed by SPSS version 16. Results: 200 patients were evaluated in this study. The most common sites of involvement were the lower limbs (76%), thorax (16%), and upper limbs (8%). The most common abnormal angiographic pattern was run-off/ cut-off (52%), hematoma (15%), and aneurysm (5.5%). There was also nerve damage in 19% of patients. Surgical management was performed and included, end to end anastomosis in 32% of patients, thrombectomy in 23%, amputation in 18%, and ligation in 4% and vascular graft in 7%. Conclusion: In ourstudy, there wasvascular injury in63.5% of patients based on the results of CTA. All vascular injuries were diagnosed by CTA were confirmed after vascular intervention and no serious vascular injury was reported in patients with negative CTA result at the follow-up period. So, CTA is a noninvasive and accurate diagnostic test. }, keywords = {Computed Tomography Angiography,Trauma,Vascular injury}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7641.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7641_801fbd67238726873982a2a0683ac32e.pdf} } @article { author = {Vaziri, Siavash and Khansari, Parisa and Mansouri, Fiezollah and Afsharian, Mandana and Sayad, Babak and Janbakhsh, Alireza and Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad and Mirzaei, Maryam}, title = {Frequency and Types of Medical Errors in Infectious Patients Referred to the Emergency Department of Imam Reza (AS) Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran (2014-2015)}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {455-459}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7642}, abstract = {Introduction: Medical errors have significant economic and clinical consequences and are considered as great challenges for the healthcare systems of different countries. With regard to the importance of medical errors, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency and type of medical errors in infected patients, admitted to the emergency department of Imam Reza (AS) Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran in 2014-2015. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive study, we evaluated medical errors affecting infected patients, admitted to the emergency department of Imam Reza (AS) Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. Data were collected, using a questionnaire including demographic and clinical information and type of medical errors. Results: Data were collected from 385 clinical records available at the emergency department of the hospital. In a total of 809 distinguished errors, the highest rates of error were as follows: medication errors (30%), CI 95%: 0.26-0.34), diagnostic errors (24.60%, CI 95%: 0.22-0.28), and admission for more than 6 h in the emergency room (14.34%, CI 95%: 0.12-0.16). Based on the findings, unnecessary prescription of antibiotics accounted for the highest percentage of medication errors (16.07%, CI 95%: 13.52-18.62). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, errors in diagnosis and treatment were the most frequent medical errors. Therefore, it is necessary to plan on reducing the frequency of these errors. }, keywords = {Emergency Department,Hospital,Medical errors}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7642.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7642_a0f76007fa363fbaf2c7a19e0c02db65.pdf} } @article { author = {Asadi, Salah addin and Shargh, Ali and Husseini Barghazan, Saeed and Eftekhari, Jamal and Arab-Zozani, Morteza}, title = {Observance of the Standard in Safe Injection: a Survey in the Inpatient Units of Teaching Hospitals}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {460-464}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7643}, abstract = {Introduction:  Safe injection is a kind of injection that not hurts the one who receives service, not injures the providers and its leftovers won't make harm or damage to the society and environment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of the observance of the standards with safe injection in the inpatient units of teaching hospitals in Tabriz. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 399 samples were examined by Cochran formula. Samples were selected randomly as clusters from each hospital and inpatient units and data were gathered in all three working shifts. The data collection tools used in this study was a checklist which its reliability has been proved. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS 21 and were reported by relevant analytic and descriptive statistics. Results: 73.4% of subjects were woman. 63.90% of people in the past year have been passed the course related to infection and safe injections. The observance of the standards of safe injection in “preparation phase”, “during the injection” and “after injection” was 64.84, 58.95, and 63.95%, respectively, which had in fairly good condition.  Conclusions: Performing the retraining programs in injections and nosocomial infections, employing people with work experiences in teaching hospitals, providing individual protection equipment such as glasses and mask, educations about hand washing, providing and using auto disable syringes and safety boxes and immunizing the staffs against hepatitis B and C can be the most important actions in doing safe injection.}, keywords = {Safe injection,Observance of the standards,Inpatient unit,Teaching hospitals}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7643.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7643_858da865aea8caa7abee277447c8df13.pdf} } @article { author = {Tayyebi, Mohammad and Eshraghi, Ali and Alizadeh, Zahra and Moravveji far, Khosro}, title = {QT Dispersion as a Prognostic Indicator for Myocardial Viability: a Systematic Review}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {465-470}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2016.7644}, abstract = {Introduction: QT interval represents duration of ventricular electrical systole, i.e., the time required for completion of both ventricular depolarization and repolarization. QT interval duration normally varies between leads on the electrocardiography due to variation of repolarization and re-excitability of different ventricular regions. QT dispersion, defined as the difference between maximum and minimum of QT interval duration, is considered a strong predictor of myocardial viability in cardiac disorders, particularly in ischemic heart diseases and myocardial infarction (MI). Regarding this, the current systematic review aimed to evaluate QT dispersion measurement as a simple and powerful prognostic indicator for predicting the risk of life-threatening arrhythmia, cardiac sudden death, and ventricular dysfunction in patients with MI. Furthermore, this study attempted to establish the reliability of QT dispersion in assessing the efficacy of reperfusion therapeutic strategies.      Materials and Methods: For the purpose of data collection, PubMed was searched for all prospective English trials, using keywords of “QT dispersion”, “myocardial viability”, and “myocardial infarction” or “MI”. Out of the 294 retrieved articles, seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: QT dispersion was concluded to be instrumental in predicting the risk of post-MI life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac sudden death, as well as assessment of ventricular wall motion and response to reperfusion therapeutic strategies. Conclusion: According to the findings of the reviewed studies, QT dispersion is a reliable, simple, and applicable tool for myocardial viability assessment in patients with MI.  }, keywords = {Myocardial infarction,Myocardial viability,QT dispersion}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7644.html}, eprint = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_7644_4c9e5ce8b1afc4babc1c343b33a332ba.pdf} } @article { author = {MORAVVEJI FAR, KHOSRO and Tayyebi, mohammad and Eshraghi, ali and Alizadeh, zahra}, title = {QT dispersion as a simple and available prognostic test for predicting myocardial viability; a brief review of literature.}, journal = {Journal of Patient Safety & Quality Improvement}, volume = {4}, number = {4}, pages = {-}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4482}, eissn = {2345-4490}, doi = {10.22038/psj.2017.9748.1092}, abstract = {Bacckground: QT interval represents duration of ventricular systole containing of 2 depolarization and repolarization phases, varies in duration in different leads of EKG normally due to variation of repolarization and re-excitability of different ventricular regions. QT dispersion defined as difference between maximum and minimum of QT interval duration is supposed to be a strong predictor for myocardial viability in cardiac disorders particularly in ischemic heart diseases and myocardial infarction (MI).Object: current systematic review of literature study aims to evaluate QT dispersion measurement as a simple and powerful prognostic test to predict risk of life-threatening arrhythmia and cardiac sudden death, and ventricular dysfunction in patients with MI. It also attends to show the reliability of QT dispersion in assessment of efficacy of reperfusion therapeutic strategies. Method and materials: all prospective English trials with key words of QT dispersion, myocardial viability and myocardial infarction or MI were searched through Pubmed. Among 294 presented articles, 7 studies recognized eligible to enroll.Results: application of QT dispersion for myocardial viability assessment was performed through 3 different categories in patients with MI. 1.prediction of life-threatening arrhythmia and cardiac sudden death. 2. Relation between QT dispersion values and ventricular wall motion. 3. evaluation of response to reperfusion therapeutic strategy by QT dispersion measurement.Conclusion : according to data of reviewed studies QT dispersion is a reliable simple applicable tool for myocardial viability assessment in patients with MI.}, keywords = {QT dispersion,Myocardial viability,Myocardial infarction}, url = {https://psj.mums.ac.ir/article_19093.html}, eprint = {} }